Alcohol consumption, Self-Efficacy, and Consequences among University Students Based on the Roy Adaptation Model

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the associations between alcohol consumption, risk perception, self-efficacy, and consequences related to alcohol use among university students, based on the Roy Adaptation Model.

Materials and methods: A quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate nursing students at a university in Mexico City. Ninety-eight students were selected by convenience sampling. Standardized instruments were used to assess alcohol consumption, risk perception, self-efficacy, and the consequences related to alcohol consumption. Descriptive analysis of the variables and multiple linear regression were performed. Ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained.

Results: The majority of participants were women, with a mean age of 22.5 years. Alcohol consumption in the past year was reported by 92.9%, and in the past month by 64.3%. The most frequent consequences were headache, nausea or vomiting, and motor difficulties. The multiple linear regression model explained 62.7% of the variance in alcohol-related consequences (R²=.627; F(3,94) = 52.59; p < .001). Alcohol consumption was positively associated with alcohol-related consequences (β = .638; p < .001), whereas self-efficacy was negatively associated (β = −.252; p=.001). Risk perception was not significantly associated with alcohol-related consequences (β =−.082; p = .207).

Conclusions: The level of alcohol consumption and self-efficacy were associated with alcohol-related consequences. The findings suggest that nursing professionals can implement strategies aimed at screening for alcohol consumption and strengthening self-efficacy in university students.

Keywords: Alcohol consumption; University students; Self-efficacy; Alcohol-related disorders.