Sintomatología depresiva, ansiedad y consumo de sustancias en estudiantes normalistas de Jalisco: estudio transversal

Paula Ramírez Palacios; Evangelina Díaz Andrade; Katia Gallegos Carrillo; Anabel Rojas Carmona; Laura Elena Aragón Hope; Rosibel Rodriguez Bolaños

doi:10.19136/hs.a26n1.6272

Authors

Paula Ramírez Palacios National Institute of Public Health of Mexico
Evangelina Díaz Andrade University of Guadalajara
Katia Gallegos Carrillo Mexican Social Security Institute
Anabel Rojas Carmona Universidad del Mar
Laura Elena Aragón Hope Higher Education at the Regional Teacher Training Centre
Rosibel Rodríguez Bolaños National Institute of Public Health of Mexico

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a26n1.6272

Abstract

Objective: To analyse the prevalence of depressive symptomatology, anxiety and consumption of psychoactive substances, as well as the associated factors in students of the Regional Centre for Normal Education (CREN in Spanish) from Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from September to October 2023 using an online survey. A census of students enrolled for the 2023–2024 school year was carried out. 538 students participated (99.4 % response rate). The symptomatology of depression was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory-II, and anxiety using the GAD-2 scale. Substance consumption embraces alcohol, conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cannabis and cocaine. Logistic regression models were carried out to analyse the association between substance use and symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Results: The prevalence of symptoms of depression was 36.2 % and that of anxiety was 7.4 %. Current consumption rates were 62.8 % for alcohol, 10.6 % for conventional cigarettes, and 15.4 % for e-cigarettes. In the fitted models, current use of conventional cigarettes (AOR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.02–3.72), use of e-cigarettes (AOR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.17–3.68) and cannabis use in the last 12 months (RMA = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.17–3.59) were associated with a higher likelihood of depressive symptoms. No factors associated with anxiety were found.

Conclusions: The results have shown a high prevalence of depressive symptomatology and substance use amongst normal students. The associations observed suggest a need to strengthen institutional strategies for promoting mental health and preventing substance use in teacher-training institutions.

Keywords: Depressive Symptoms; Students; Use, Substance; Mental Health.

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Author Biographies

Paula Ramírez Palacios, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico

PhD in Epidemiology. Centre for Research in Evaluation and Surveys. National Institute of Public Health. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Evangelina Díaz Andrade, University of Guadalajara

PhD in Management Sciences. Research Department. OPD Jalisco Health Services, Health Region VI. Southern University Centre, University of Guadalajara. Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco. Mexico.
Katia Gallegos Carrillo, Mexican Social Security Institute

PhD in Health Systems Science. Research Unit on Epidemiology and Health Services. Mexican Social Security Institute. Cuernavaca, Morelos. Mexico.
Anabel Rojas Carmona, Universidad del Mar

PhD in Public Health. Universidad del Mar. Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca. Mexico.
Laura Elena Aragón Hope, Higher Education at the Regional Teacher Training Centre

Master’s degree in Teaching Methodology. Research Lecturer in Higher Education at the Regional Teacher Training Centre. Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico.
Rosibel Rodríguez Bolaños, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico

PhD in Social Sciences. Department of Reproductive Health. Centre for Population Health Research. National Institute of Public Health. Cuernavaca, Morelos. Mexico.