Prevalence of breast cancer in patients with social security in Tabasco, Mexico

Abstract

Objective: To determine and provide information on the prevalence of breast cancer in the female population affiliated with the Social Security Institute for State Workers in Tabasco.
Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with convenience sampling. Confirmed cases of breast cancer with histopathological and immunohistochemically reports were included from 2015 to 2023. Frequencies and correlations between variables were analyzed using the IBM SPSS program for Windows version 30.0.
Results: 151 cases were identified, with an incidence of 16.7 cases per year, the most frequent age at diagnosis was 58 years, where the Central region presented the highest number of cases with 62.3%. Anatomically, a greater location was recorded in the left breast (53.0%) with the upper external quadrant (19.2%) being the most affected. The most frequent histological variant was invasive carcinoma without a specific pattern, representing 81.5% of the cases. According to the immunohistochemically profile, 60.3% of cases were positive for estrogen receptor and 51.7% positive for progesterone receptor, the molecular subtype luminal A was most frequently expressed (56.0%), followed by luminal B (19.0%).
Conclusion: The frequency of breast cancer in the studied population was determined, showing a maintained epidemiological behavior like that of developed countries and the northern area of Mexico. The importance of immunohistochemical diagnosis was identified as being key to treatment selection and prognosis.
Keyword: Breast Cancer; Immunohistochemistry; Pathology Department, Hospital.