Exposición al Dicloro Difenil Tricloroetano y perfil tiroideo durante el embarazo: revisión sistemática y meta-análisis

José Ángel  Hernández-Mariano; Ana Cristina  Castañeda-Márquez; Lucero Analy  Fragoso; Yaneth Citlalli Orbe-Orihuela

doi:10.19136/hs.a22n3.5299

Authors

José Ángel Hernández-Mariano Tlahuelilpan High School. Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-5610
Ana Cristina Castañeda-Márquez Scientific Research Institute, Juárez University of the State of Durango https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6948-5892
Lucero Analy Fragoso Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-4309
Yaneth Citlalli Orbe-Orihuela National Institute of Public Health. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-9019

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a22n3.5299

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the association between p,p´-DDT and p,p´-DDE exposure with thyroid disruption during pregnancy through meta-analysis.

Material and methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). The protocol of this review was registered in PROSPERO with the identification sheet: CRD42022324797. We conduct systematic searches in PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases to identify eligible studies published in English and Spanish up to January 2, 2022. Using random-effects meta-analysis, a beta regression coefficient was estimated (β) pooled, for each hormone of the thyroid profile, from the β published in each study and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results: Eight studies were included, of which only three reported biomarkers of exposure to p,p'-DDT, so it was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between this compound and hormones in the thyroid profile. Exposure to p,p'-DDE was associated with a slight increase in TSH (pooled β= 0.05; 95% CI= -0.01, 0.12) and total T3 (pooled β= 0.02; 95% CI= -0.05, 0.09) levels , but inversely with total T4 (β pooled= -0.003; 95% CI= -0.05, 0.05) and free T4 (β pooled= -0.01; 95% CI= -0.03, 0.01) levels, although neither of these findings was statistically significant.

Conclusions: The evidence available to date is still limited to draw a conclusion on the association between the variables of interest. Since small changes in thyroid homeostasis in pregnant women could have consequences on fetal development, it is necessary to continue generating evidence in this regard.

Keyword: Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane; Dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene; thyroid hormones; pregnancy.

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Author Biographies

José Ángel Hernández-Mariano, Tlahuelilpan High School. Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo

Graduate in nursing from the Faculty of Nursing and Obstetrics of the Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango. He has a Master of Science in Epidemiology with a concentration area in Sexual and Reproductive Health and a Doctor of Science in Epidemiology, both from the National Institute of Public Health (INSP). He has published articles in national and international indexed magazines. He has a researcher appointment from the National System of Researchers (SNI) with level 1. He currently works as a Researcher in Medical Sciences at the Juárez Hospital in Mexico. His main areas of interest include reproductive health, mental health, as well as pesticide exposure and its effect on human health.

Ana Cristina Castañeda-Márquez, Scientific Research Institute, Juárez University of the State of Durango

Graduate in nursing from the Faculty of Nursing and Obstetrics of the Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango. She has a Master of Science in Nutrition and a Doctor of Science in Epidemiology from the National Institute of Public Health (INSP). She has published articles in national and international indexed magazines. She has been appointed as a national researcher by the National System of Researchers (SNI) with level 1. She is currently carrying out a CONACYT postdoctoral stay at the Scientific Research Institute of the Juárez University of the State of Durango. Her main area of research interest is modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for the development of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in children.

Lucero Analy Fragoso, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos

Graduate in Nutrition from the Autonomous University of the State of Morelos. During her academic stays she actively participated in the development of this work.

Yaneth Citlalli Orbe-Orihuela, National Institute of Public Health.

Biotechnology Engineer from the Polytechnic University of the State of Morelos, she completed a master's degree in Public Health Sciences in Infectious Diseases and has a Doctor of Public Health Sciences degree in epidemiology, both degrees from the National Institute of Public Health (INSP). -CISEI), is part of the National System of SNI I Researchers. He has worked on topics related to cytokine profiles in patients with Hepatitis C treated with PEG Interferon alfa2a and ribavirin, Dietary patterns and intestinal microbiota profile associated with the prevalence Antimicrobial resistance genes in children, profile of the intestinal microbiota in patients with gout, and relationship of the intestinal microbiota with inflammatory cytokines with childhood obesity. She has addressed systematic reviews and meta-analyses on topics such as syphilis and antibiotic resistance, as well as exposure to DDT and its association with thyroid disruption.