Social determinants and sexual risk behaviors within Immunodeficiency Virus cases in Solidaridad, Quintana Roo, Mexico

Gabriel Chavira-Trujillo; Leonardo Llamas Ramos; Aida Jiménez Corona; Rudolf Geers; Antonio Reyna Sevilla; Gabriela Alejandra Grover Baltazar; María Eugenia  Jiménez Corona

doi:10.19136/hs.a22n2.5283

Authors

Gabriel Chavira-Trujillo Universidad de Guadalajara https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-1822
Leonardo Llamas Ramos Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7112-8245
Aida Jiménez Corona Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-4178
Rudolf Geers Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2739-2035
Antonio Reyna Sevilla Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7842-0388
Gabriela Alejandra Grover Baltazar Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-2879
María Eugenia Jiménez Corona Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3804-9761

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a22n2.5283

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HIV in individuals by analyzing the influence of social determinants and sexual risk behaviors, in order to estimate the crude and adjusted risks of being HIV positive in the municipality of Solidaridad, state of Quintana Roo, Mexico.

Method and Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the municipality of Solidaridad, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Third and fourth generation HIV rapid tests were performed. Descriptive statistics, measures of association (OR and 95 % CI) and p value were calculated for each stratum. Logistic regression models were performed to determine the risk factors associated with being HIV positive in the tests.

Results: The sample consisted of 4,800 people, of whom 3,030 were men (63.12%); the mean age was 32.6 years (SD 14.96). The variables included in the multivariate model for being HIV positive are: men who have sex with men with OR=61.20, age 30-39 years OR=1.72, having anal sex OR=2.21, and as a protective factor having health service OR =0.42.

Conclusions: This study confirms already known social determinants such as being male and being in economically active age and sexual practices such as: having anal sex and men with men. Being entitled to health services was shown to be the only protective factor.

Keywords: Epidemiologic Factors; Sexuality; HIV; Epidemiology.

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Author Biographies

Gabriel Chavira-Trujillo, Universidad de Guadalajara

Doctor en Ciencias de la Salud por la Universidad de Guadalajara, Departamento de Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México. Especialista en metodología y análisis de datos en métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos, trabaja actualmente en investigación en ciencias de la salud dentro de enfoques interdisciplinarios. Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI-Candidato) desde el 2023.
Leonardo Llamas Ramos, Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México

Especialidad médica en Epidemiología. Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México
Aida Jiménez Corona, Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México

Maestra en Epidemiología (UNAM) y Doctora de Salud Pública (INSP). Medical Doctor, Master´s in Epidemiology (UNAM) and Doctorate in Epidemiology (INSP). Postdoctorate at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK-NIH, Phoenix AZ, USA) and Postdoctorate at the Institute Gustave Roussy (IGR-INSERM, Villejuif, France). Areas of expertis: methodological and statistical methods on chronic diseases. Research areas on diabetes and micro- and macrovascular complications, and preventable visual impairment and blindness. National Researcher level II (SNI-II).
Rudolf Geers, Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México.

Especialidad médica en Epidemiología. Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México.
Antonio Reyna Sevilla, Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México.

Doctor en Ciencias de la Salud por la Universidad de Guadalajara. PhD. Reyna Sevilla, Antonio - MSc and PhD in Public Health Sciences, Geographer. Analysis, integration and visualization of geospatial information; use of geographic information systems in public health and spatial epidemiology. Mexican Institute of Social Security; Candidate for National Researcher, National Research System, México.
Gabriela Alejandra Grover Baltazar, Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México

Doctora en Ciencias de la Salud por la Universidad de Guadalajara. PhD. Grover Baltazar, Gabriela Alejandra- PhD in Public Health Sciences, nutricionist. Currently working in develop academic procesees for human lactation.
María Eugenia Jiménez Corona, Departamento de Salud Física y Mental, Ayuntamiento de Solidaridad Quintana Roo, México.

Maestra y Doctora en Epidemiología por la UNAM. Medical Doctor, Master´s and PhD degrees in Epidemiology, Certification course in Vaccinology at the Pasteur Institute and Certification course at the Epidemiology Program for Health Managers at Johns Hopkins University. Areas of expertise: epidemiological methods, infectious diseases; emerging and re-emerging diseases and global health. National Researcher level II (SNI-II).