Depression, insomnia and psychoactive substances consumption in nursing staff in COVID-19 area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a24n1.5853Abstract
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between depression and insomnia and their interaction with sociodemographic, occupational, and substance use factors among nursing professionals in COVID-19 areas.
Material and Methods. A sample of 222 nursing professionals residing in Tamaulipas, Mexico, who cared for COVID-19 patients during the period July-August 2022. Demographic, occupational, and substance use data were collected. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-7) and the Patient Health Status Assessment Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess depression levels. Variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Spearman correlation coefficient and chi-square test were used for correlational analysis; and the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for comparisons between groups.
Results: 79.3% of nursing professionals are female, and 33.8% work night shifts. The median age was 34 years, and their seniority was 7 years. High prevalence rates were found for alcohol (82.0%), tobacco (46.4%), and marijuana (14.9%). Fifty percent of staff presented moderate to severe depression, and 51.3% had insomnia. There is a significant association between insomnia and depression and psychotropic substance use (p<.000), with users presenting the most disturbed levels (p<.000). Depression and insomnia levels were higher in younger workers (depression: rs = –.295; insomnia: rs = –.335) and in older workers (depression: rs = –.344; insomnia: rs = –.345), with significant correlations (p < .000). The night shift was the most affected by depression (p < .05).
Conclusion: Depression and insomnia were situations that nursing professionals faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, experiencing a complex adaptation process characterized by the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances.
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