Evaluación de la adherencia terapéutica en asma infantil y su relación con prácticas parentales

Andreina Coromoto Graterol Velásquez; José Manuel López Andrade; Yazmin Isolda Álvarez García; Yimara Lisset Páez Barcasnegras; Sergio Quiroz Gómez

doi:10.19136/hs.a24n3.6077

Authors

Andreina Coromoto Graterol Velásquez Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social UMF 39
José Manuel López Andrade Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social HGZ 46
Yazmin Isolda Álvarez García Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco
Yimara Lisset Páez Barcasnegras Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social HGZ 46
Sergio Quiroz Gómez Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a24n3.6077

Abstract

Objective: To determine the level of adherence to inhaler use and its relationship with inhalation technique and asthma control in patients aged 6-11 years treated at the outpatient clinic of Hospital General de Zona No. 46 (HGZ-46) IMSS Tabasco, during the period March 2024 to February 2025.

Material and method: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in pediatric patients diagnosed with asthma who used inhaled corticosteroids, n=100. The TAI-10 and 12 items were applied, adjusted to a validated list of 10 critical steps in inhalation technique and the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). Caregivers answered a KAP-BMQ questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were estimated.

Results: Overall, 68% achieved clinical control (C-ACT>19). Mean TAI was 44±6; good, intermediate and poor adherence were 27%, 31% and 42%, respectively. In adjusted models, good (aOR 9.99; 95%CI 2.64–37.81; p=0.001) and intermediate adherence (aOR 7.71; 95%CI 1.92–30.92; p=0.004), and ≤1 critical error (aOR 3.49; 95%CI 1.12–10.90; p=0.032) were associated with higher odds of control.

Conclusions: Adherence and technical competence in inhaler use are modifiable determinants of asthma control in children. Multicomponent interventions focused on parental education and inhaler retraining are required to improve respiratory outcomes in children.

Keyword: Adherence; Inhaler; Asthma; Pediatric; Education.

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Author Biographies

Andreina Coromoto Graterol Velásquez, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social UMF 39

Third-year resident in Family Medicine. UMF 39 IMSS Tabasco. Villahermosa, Tabasco. Mexico.
José Manuel López Andrade, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social HGZ 46

Subspecialist in Paediatric Pneumology. Physician attached to HGZ 46 IMSS. Villahermosa, Tabasco. Mexico.
Yazmin Isolda Álvarez García, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco

PhD in Legal Studies. Master's degree in constitutional law. Research Professor at the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Villahermosa, Tabasco. Mexico.
Yimara Lisset Páez Barcasnegras, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social HGZ 46

Subspecialist in Allergology. Physician attached to HGZ 46 IMSS Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco. Mexico.
Sergio Quiroz Gómez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco

Surgeon. Research professor of the Academic Division of Health Sciences. Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Villahermosa, Tabasco. Mexico.