Ansiedad, estrés y calidad de sueño asociados a COVID-19 en universitarios del noroeste de México:

Alejandrina  Bautista Jacobo; Maria Olga Quintana Zavala; Manuel Alejandro Vázquez Bautista; Daniel González Lomelí

doi:10.19136/hs.a22n2.5322

Authors

Alejandrina Bautista Jacobo University of Sonora. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8018-7546
María Olga Quintana Zavala University of Sonora https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3725-4226
Manuel Alejandro Vázquez Bautista University of Sonora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6600-136X
Daniel González Lomelí University of Sonora https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-1008

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a22n2.5322

Abstract

Objective: Identify the levels of anxiety, perceived stress, and sleep quality in university students in northwestern Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine their association to sociodemographic variables and questions related to COVID-19.

Materials and methods: Descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study in a non-probabilistic sample of 1691 students. Online surveys were administered using Google Forms. The chi-square test (χ2), Spearman's correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used, with the approval of the ethics committee and informed consent of the participants.

Results: 38.4% of the students presented moderate anxiety and 36.5% severe anxiety. Moderate level of stress (50.1%) and poor sleep quality (65.8%) predominated. The sex variable was associated to anxiety (χ2 = 88.87, p < .001), perceived stress (χ2 = 72.34, p < .001) and poor sleep quality (χ2 = 31.26, p < .001). Logistic regression determined that students whose family income decreased because of the pandemic were at higher risk of experiencing anxiety (OR = 1.67, p =.001), stress (OR= 1.57, p =.011), and poor sleep quality (OR = 1.46).

Conclusions: More than half of the university students who participated in this study presented some level of anxiety, stress and poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the development of psychosocial mental health intervention programs aimed at university students is required.

Key words: Anxiety; Stress, Psychological; Students.

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Author Biographies

Alejandrina Bautista Jacobo, University of Sonora.

Degree in Mathematics from the University of Sonora, Master's Degree in Educational Mathematics and Doctor of Education. She is a professor of Biostatistics in the Bachelor of Nutritional Sciences. She has published works in the lines of research on health, physical activity and sport in special populations and in Statistical Education. Member of the National System of Level C Researchers.

María Olga Quintana Zavala, University of Sonora

PhD in Nursing from the University of Concepción Chile, Master of Nursing Sciences from the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Bachelor of Nursing from the University of Sonora. She is a Full-Time Professor and Researcher, member of the National System of Level I Researchers and leader of the consolidated academic body: nursing care, education and work.

Manuel Alejandro Vázquez Bautista , University of Sonora

Born in Hermosillo Sonora Mexico. He graduated with a degree in Nutritional Sciences from the University of Sonora. Master of Science from the Food and Development Research Center (CIAD) AC with a line of research on immunonutrition and sports. Current PhD student in Sciences (Chemical-Biological and Health) from the University of Sonora with a line of research on body evaluation methods in sport.

Daniel González Lomelí, University of Sonora

PhD in Psychology from UNAM-CU, Level II researcher of the SNI in Area IV: Humanities and Behavioral Sciences of CONACyT, full-time professor in the Dept. of Psychology and Cs. of Communication at the University of Sonora, professor at the undergraduate and postgraduate courses in psychology. Member of the Academic Committee for the Final Validation of EGEL Plus Items in Psychology. Member of the Consolidated Academic Body Social Problems. National Award for Teaching and Research in Psychology 2021, by CENEIP.